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Declining World Influence of US Constitution

RaleighDevil

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http://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/07/u...eal-with-people-around-the-world.html?_r=1&hp

The study, to be published in June in The New York University Law Review, bristles with data. Its authors coded and analyzed the provisions of 729 constitutions adopted by 188 countries from 1946 to 2006, and they considered 237 variables regarding various rights and ways to enforce them. ...

There are lots of possible reasons. Our Constitution is terse and old, and it guarantees relatively few rights. The commitment of some members of the Supreme Court to interpreting the Constitution according to its original meaning in the 18th century may send the signal that it is of little current use to, say, a new African nation. And the Constitution’s waning influence may be part of a general decline in American power and prestige.

In an interview, Professor Law identified a central reason for the trend: the availability of newer, sexier and more powerful operating systems in the constitutional marketplace. “Nobody wants to copy Windows 3.1,” he said.

In a television interview during a visit to Egypt last week, Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg seemed to agree. “I would not look to the United States Constitution if I were drafting a constitution in the year 2012,” she said. She recommended, instead, the South African Constitution, the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms or the European Convention on Human Rights.

The rights guaranteed by our Constitution are parsimonious by international standards, and they are frozen in amber. As Sanford Levinson wrote in 2006 in “Our Undemocratic Constitution,” “the U.S. Constitution is the most difficult to amend of any constitution currently existing in the world today.” (Yugoslavia used to hold that title, but Yugoslavia did not work out.) ...

There are, of course, limits to empirical research based on coding and counting, and there is more to a constitution than its words, as Justice Antonin Scalia told the Senate Judiciary Committee in October. “Every banana republic in the world has a bill of rights,” he said.

“The bill of rights of the former evil empire, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, was much better than ours,” he said, adding: “We guarantee freedom of speech and of the press. Big deal. They guaranteed freedom of speech, of the press, of street demonstrations and protests, and anyone who is caught trying to suppress criticism of the government will be called to account. Whoa, that is wonderful stuff!”

“Of course,” Justice Scalia continued, “it’s just words on paper, what our framers would have called a ‘parchment guarantee.’ ”
 
I'll take our Constitution any day. Its central theme was to guarantee some rights to the people, but it primarily served as a check on governmental power while simultaneously recognizing the rights of states to be relatively autonomous. I doubt many of these 729 other constitutions did the same thing. The US has needs and balances that are as unique in the world of 2012 as they were in the world of 1787.
 
Scalia said it perfectly. Just because other Constitutions grant more rights that doesn't make them better.
If a Constitution grants free healthcare what difference does it make if the government can't or wont't actually provide it?
 
And Scalia's decisions (like CU) are leading us to becoming a banana republic.
 
If the authors of the Constitution were around in 2012, they'd be surprised we were still using it with so few updates.
 
Also, none of this should really be surprising. The decline of our constitution as a model document for new nations has nothing to do with the current make-up of the Court (Scalia is not evil, RJ, and was also not the author of Citizens United - that was Kennedy). Rather, other documents serve as better models for the modern nation because they clearly delineate modern rights that we have only come to recognize through over 100 years of 14th Amendment litigation.

If you read that Canadian constitution part of the article, it's clear that Canada has reached the same outcome that we have with our Constitution, but they have advantage (?) of codifying their doctrine into their constitution. We, on the other hand, began with the 14th Amendment, enacted to strike down Jim Crow laws, and have stretched it to include all sorts of new legal interests (sex discrimination, allowances for affirmative action, implied fundamnetal rights, yada yada yada).

Insofar as you think these constitutions that delineate all kinds of rights are better than our own, I think you have to conclude that the flaw of our constitution is that it's damn hard to amend.

Back in the early 80's when the Equal Rights Amendment was sent to the states to ratify, some members of the Court (Justice Powell) wanted to hold off on deciding sex-discrimination issues until the people had chosen to adopt or not to adopt the Equal Rights Amendment. His idea was that he didn't want to preempt the constitutional amendment process by deciding a case that would possibly come out differently under that amendment. However, because all freaking states have to ratify the thing, the time period for adoption of the amendment expired and this fell by the wayside. Long story short, the Supreme Court goes on to keep broadening our 14th amendment jurisprudence to, in effect, reach the same ground we would have reached by officially adopting the Equal Rights Amendment.

It's a sloppy system, but it gets the job done. Although it's frustratingly slow at times, I think our system produces a lot of valuable intellectual discourse along the way which goes undervalued in these discussions about which constitutions/legal systems are better.

One final note that comes to mind: another reason our Constitution is less attractive than it used to be might be because of political scientists' conclusion that the parliamentary system is superior to our own form of federalism. If you're starting a new country today, you're more likely to choose that system than our own.
 
The idea of modern rights can be summed succinctly: I have the right to this, and you have the obligation to see that I get it.
 
Why should a constitution be easy to change? Changes should be based on consensus, and that's seldom easy to achieve. 2/3 of Congress and 2/3 of the state legislatures - we are a federal state - does not seem to be unreasonable, or a bad idea.
 
Also, none of this should really be surprising. The decline of our constitution as a model document for new nations has nothing to do with the current make-up of the Court (Scalia is not evil, RJ, and was also not the author of Citizens United - that was Kennedy). Rather, other documents serve as better models for the modern nation because they clearly delineate modern rights that we have only come to recognize through over 100 years of 14th Amendment litigation.

If you read that Canadian constitution part of the article, it's clear that Canada has reached the same outcome that we have with our Constitution, but they have advantage (?) of codifying their doctrine into their constitution. We, on the other hand, began with the 14th Amendment, enacted to strike down Jim Crow laws, and have stretched it to include all sorts of new legal interests (sex discrimination, allowances for affirmative action, implied fundamnetal rights, yada yada yada).

Insofar as you think these constitutions that delineate all kinds of rights are better than our own, I think you have to conclude that the flaw of our constitution is that it's damn hard to amend.

Back in the early 80's when the Equal Rights Amendment was sent to the states to ratify, some members of the Court (Justice Powell) wanted to hold off on deciding sex-discrimination issues until the people had chosen to adopt or not to adopt the Equal Rights Amendment. His idea was that he didn't want to preempt the constitutional amendment process by deciding a case that would possibly come out differently under that amendment. However, because all freaking states have to ratify the thing, the time period for adoption of the amendment expired and this fell by the wayside. Long story short, the Supreme Court goes on to keep broadening our 14th amendment jurisprudence to, in effect, reach the same ground we would have reached by officially adopting the Equal Rights Amendment.

It's a sloppy system, but it gets the job done. Although it's frustratingly slow at times, I think our system produces a lot of valuable intellectual discourse along the way which goes undervalued in these discussions about which constitutions/legal systems are better.

One final note that comes to mind: another reason our Constitution is less attractive than it used to be might be because of political scientists' conclusion that the parliamentary system is superior to our own form of federalism. If you're starting a new country today, you're more likely to choose that system than our own.

I was coming here to post the same thing, only you said it a lot better than I would have.
 
Far too many lawyers on the board, not enough law students that actually know/recall some con law.

Truth. Circa 2004/2005, I would have been all over this. Now, I just keep my mouth shut because I know better than to spout off about stuff I forgot as soon as I walked out of J Wil's Con Law II exam.
 
http://www.cato-at-liberty.org/

It’s true that our Framers, unlike many others, especially more recently, did not focus their attention on rights. Instead, they focused on powers— and for good reason. Because we have an infinite number of rights, depending on how they’re defined, the Framers knew that they couldn’t possibly enumerate all of them. But they could enumerate the government’s powers, which they did. Thus, given that they wanted to create a limited government, leaving most of life to be lived freely in the private sector rather than through public programs of the kind we have today, the theory of the Constitution was simple and straightforward: where there is no power there is a right, belonging either to the states or to the people. The Tenth Amendment makes that crystal clear. Rights were thus implicit in the very idea of a government of limited powers. That’s the idea that’s altogether absent from the modern approach to constitutionalism—with its push for far reaching “active” government....
 
Bump. We should welcome a (hopefully bloodless) foreign conquest so we can have to re-do our government and end up with a parliamentary system instead of the farce of President Obama and John Boehner both claiming popular legitimacy for diametrically opposed agendas. It'd be nice to fold some western states together, too. Accountable government is better than separation of powers, IMO.
 
I suppose you would prefer a setup similar to the British model. The party that wins gets to do things its way for a certain period. No separation of powers, and no constitution to limit the officeholders.

Progressives would love that setup.
 
I suppose you would prefer a setup similar to the British model. The party that wins gets to do things its way for a certain period. No separation of powers, and no constitution to limit the officeholders.

Progressives would love that setup.

Considering that the British Parliamentary system with the very powerful, unelected upper house (House of Lords, which members are appointed to for life by the Church or by the Monarch) tremendously favors the conservatives in that country ... so no, I really disagree with you. Having the upper house of Parliament be seperated from the democratic election process makes the British Parliament one of the most resistant to progressives of any democracy.

The French Parliament, with a largely ineffective upper house (the French senate is basically inferior to the lower house) is much more what you had in mind, I would think.
 
I suppose you would prefer a setup similar to the British model. The party that wins gets to do things its way for a certain period. No separation of powers, and no constitution to limit the officeholders.

Progressives would love that setup.

I'm sure conservatives would hate that setup if they were in power....
 
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